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The relaxation time for viscous and porous gravity currents following a change in flux

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Ball, TV 
Huppert, HE 
Lister, JR 
Neufeld, JA 

Abstract

The equilibration time in response to a change in flux from Q to ΛQ after an injection period applied to either a low-Reynolds-number gravity current or one propagating through a porous medium, in both axisymmetric and one-dimensional geometries, is shown to be of the form τ = Tf(Λ) , independent of all the remaining physical parameters. Numerical solutions are used to investigate f(Λ) for each of these situations and compare very well with experimental results in the case of an axisymmetric current propagating over a rigid horizontal boundary. Analysis of the relaxation towards self-similarity provides an illuminating connection between the excess (deficit) volume from early times and an asymptotically equivalent shift in time origin, and hence a good quantitative estimate of τ . The case of Λ = 0 equilibration after ceasing injection at time T is a singular limit. Extensions to high-Reynolds-number currents and to the case of a constant-volume release followed by constant-flux injection are discussed briefly.

Description

Keywords

gravity currents, lubrication theory, porous media

Journal Title

Journal of Fluid Mechanics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0022-1120
1469-7645

Volume Title

821

Publisher

Cambridge University Press