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Prognostic effect of cytoreductive nephrectomy in synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a comparative study using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Fife, Kate 
Welsh, Sarah J 
Sachdeva, Manavi 
Armitage, James N 

Abstract

PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) improves overall survival (OS) of patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), who subsequently receive targeted therapies (TT). METHODS: We identified 261 patients who received TT for synchronous mRCC with or without prior CN. To achieve balance in baseline characteristics between groups, we used the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method. We conducted OS analyses, including IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression models, interaction term, and landmark and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Of the 261 patients, 97 (37.2%) received CN and 164 (62.8%) did not. IPTW-adjusted analyses showed a statistically significant OS benefit for patients treated with CN (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.46-0.83, P = 0.0015). While there was no statistically significant difference in OS at 3 months (P = 0.97), 6 months (P = 0.67), and 12 months (P = 0.11) from diagnosis, a benefit for the CN group was noted at 18 months (P = 0.005) and 24 months (P = 0.004). On interaction term analyses, the beneficial effect of CN increased with better performance status (P = 0.06), in women (P = 0.03), and in patients with thrombocytosis (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: IPTW-adjusted analysis of our patient cohort suggests that CN improves OS of patients with synchronous mRCC treated with TT. On the whole, the survival difference appears after 12 months. Specific subgroups may particularly benefit from CN, and these subgroups warrant further investigation in prospective trials.

Description

Keywords

Nephrectomy, Pazopanib, Prognosis, Sunitinib, Survival, Aged, Anilides, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antineoplastic Agents, Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Cohort Studies, Combined Modality Therapy, Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures, Female, Humans, Indazoles, Indoles, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Kidney Neoplasms, Liver Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Neoplasm Metastasis, Nephrectomy, Nivolumab, Probability, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Pyridines, Pyrimidines, Pyrroles, Retrospective Studies, Sex Factors, Sulfonamides, Sunitinib, Survival Rate, Thrombocytosis

Journal Title

World J Urol

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0724-4983
1433-8726

Volume Title

36

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC