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Changes in diet, cardiovascular risk factors and modelled cardiovascular risk following diagnosis of diabetes: 1-year results from the ADDITION-Cambridge trial cohort.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Savory, LA 
Griffin, SJ 
Williams, KM 
Prevost, AT 
Kinmonth, A-L 

Abstract

AIMS: To describe change in self-reported diet and plasma vitamin C, and to examine associations between change in diet and cardiovascular disease risk factors and modelled 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the year following diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Eight hundred and sixty-seven individuals with screen-detected diabetes underwent assessment of self-reported diet, plasma vitamin C, cardiovascular disease risk factors and modelled cardiovascular disease risk at baseline and 1 year (n = 736) in the ADDITION-Cambridge trial. Multivariable linear regression was used to quantify the association between change in diet and cardiovascular disease risk at 1 year, adjusting for change in physical activity and cardio-protective medication. RESULTS: Participants reported significant reductions in energy, fat and sodium intake, and increases in fruit, vegetable and fibre intake over 1 year. The reduction in energy was equivalent to an average-sized chocolate bar; the increase in fruit was equal to one plum per day. There was a small increase in plasma vitamin C levels. Increases in fruit intake and plasma vitamin C were associated with small reductions in anthropometric and metabolic risk factors. Increased vegetable intake was associated with an increase in BMI and waist circumference. Reductions in fat, energy and sodium intake were associated with reduction in HbA1c , waist circumference and total cholesterol/modelled cardiovascular disease risk, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in dietary behaviour in this screen-detected population were associated with small reductions in cardiovascular disease risk, independently of change in cardio-protective medication and physical activity. Dietary change may have a role to play in the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk following diagnosis of diabetes.

Description

Keywords

Adult, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, England, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Risk Factors, Standard of Care, Treatment Outcome

Journal Title

Diabet Med

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0742-3071
1464-5491

Volume Title

31

Publisher

Wiley
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (G0001164)
Medical Research Council (G0200391)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/1)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/4)
Department of Health (via National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)) (NF-SI-0512-10135)
Wellcome Trust (061895/Z/00/Z)
Medical Research Council (MC_U106179471)
Medical Research Council (MC_U106179474)
NETSCC (None)
NIHR Central Commissioning Facility (NIHRDH-RP-PG-0606-1259)
NIHR Evaluation Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre (08/116/300)