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Extracellular vesicles: pathogenetic, diagnostic and therapeutic value in traumatic brain injury.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Mondello, Stefania 
Thelin, Eric P 
Shaw, Gerry 
Salzet, Michel 
Visalli, Carmela 

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Accurate classification according to injury-specific and patient-specific characteristics is critical to help informed clinical decision-making and to the pursuit of precision medicine in TBI. Reliable biomarker signatures for improved TBI diagnostics are required but still an unmet need. Areas covered: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a new class of biomarker candidates in TBI. These nano-sized vesicles have key roles in cell signaling profoundly impacting pathogenic pathways, progression and long-term sequelae of TBI. As such EVs might provide novel neurobiological insights, enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TBI pathophysiology and recovery, and serve as biomarker signatures and therapeutic targets and delivery systems. Expert commentary: EVs are fast gaining momentum in TBI research, paving the way for new transformative diagnostic and treatment approaches. Their potential to sort out TBI variability and active involvement in the mechanisms underpinning different clinical phenotypes point out unique opportunities for improved classification, risk-stratification ad intervention, harboring promise of predictive, personalized, and even preemptive therapeutic strategies. Although a great deal of progress has been made, substantial efforts are still required to ensure the needed rigorous validation and reproducibility for clinical implementation of EVs.

Description

Keywords

TBI, Traumatic brain injury, biomarker, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, microvesicles, Animals, Biomarkers, Body Fluids, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Exosomes, Extracellular Vesicles, Humans, Inflammation

Journal Title

Expert Review of Proteomics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1744-8387
1744-8387

Volume Title

15

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Rights

All rights reserved
Sponsorship
This work was supported by Italian MoH [GR-2013-02354960].