Establishment and functions of DNA methylation in the germline.
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Peer-reviewed
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Abstract
Epigenetic modifications established during gametogenesis regulate transcription and other nuclear processes in gametes, but also have influences in the zygote, embryo and postnatal life. This is best understood for DNA methylation which, established at discrete regions of the oocyte and sperm genomes, governs genomic imprinting. In this review, we describe how imprinting has informed our understanding of de novo DNA methylation mechanisms, highlight how recent genome-wide profiling studies have provided unprecedented insights into establishment of the sperm and oocyte methylomes and consider the fate and function of gametic methylation and other epigenetic modifications after fertilization.
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Keywords
DNA methylation, embryo, imprinting, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, transgenerational inheritance, Animals, DNA Methylation, Genomic Imprinting, Germ Cells, Histone Code, Humans
Journal Title
Epigenomics
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Journal ISSN
1750-1911
1750-192X
1750-192X
Volume Title
8
Publisher
Future Medicine
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All rights reserved