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Cellular mechanisms governing glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide secretion.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Diakogiannaki, Eleftheria 
Hodge, Daryl 
Gribble, Fiona M 

Abstract

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gut hormone secreted from the upper small intestine, which plays an important physiological role in the control of glucose metabolism through its incretin action to enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion. GIP has also been implicated in postprandial lipid homeostasis. GIP is secreted from enteroendocrine K-cells residing in the intestinal epithelium. K-cells sense a variety of components found in the gut lumen following food consumption, resulting in an increase in plasma GIP signal dependent on the nature and quantity of ingested nutrients. We review the evidence for an important role of sodium-coupled glucose uptake through SGLT1 for carbohydrate sensing, of free-fatty acid receptors FFAR1/FFAR4 and the monoacyl-glycerol sensing receptor GPR119 for lipid detection, of the calcium-sensing receptor CASR and GPR142 for protein sensing, and additional modulation by neurotransmitters such as somatostatin and galanin. These pathways have been identified through combinations of in vivo, in vitro and molecular approaches.

Description

Keywords

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), Secretion, Enteroendocrine Cells, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucose, Humans, Insulin Secretion, Receptors, Calcium-Sensing, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1

Journal Title

Peptides

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0196-9781
1873-5169

Volume Title

125

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (084210/Z/07/Z)
Wellcome Trust (084210/Z/07/A)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12012/3)
Wellcome Trust (106262/Z/14/Z)
MRC (MC_UU_00014/3)
MRC (MC_UU_00014/5)
Medical Research Council (MC_PC_12012)
Wellcome Trust BBSRC MRC