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Mechanical factors contributing to the Venus flytrap's rate-dependent response to stimuli.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Abstract

The sensory hairs of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula Ellis) detect mechanical stimuli imparted by their prey and fire bursts of electrical signals called action potentials (APs). APs are elicited when the hairs are sufficiently stimulated and two consecutive APs can trigger closure of the trap. Earlier experiments have identified thresholds for the relevant stimulus parameters, namely the angular displacement [Formula: see text] and angular velocity [Formula: see text]. However, these experiments could not trace the deformation of the trigger hair's sensory cells, which are known to transduce the mechanical stimulus. To understand the kinematics at the cellular level, we investigate the role of two relevant mechanical phenomena: viscoelasticity and intercellular fluid transport using a multi-scale numerical model of the sensory hair. We hypothesize that the combined influence of these two phenomena and [Formula: see text] contribute to the flytrap's rate-dependent response to stimuli. In this study, we firstly perform sustained deflection tests on the hair to estimate the viscoelastic material properties of the tissue. Thereafter, through simulations of hair deflection tests at different loading rates, we were able to establish a multi-scale kinematic link between [Formula: see text] and the cell wall stretch [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we find that the rate at which [Formula: see text] evolves during a stimulus is also proportional to [Formula: see text]. This suggests that mechanosensitive ion channels, expected to be stretch-activated and localized in the plasma membrane of the sensory cells, could be additionally sensitive to the rate at which stretch is applied.

Description

Funder: schweizerischer nationalfonds zur förderung der wissenschaftlichen forschung; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001711


Funder: ETH Zurich

Keywords

Dionaea muscipula, Ion channels, Mechanotransduction, Multi-scale modelling, Sensory hair, Venus flytrap, Biological Transport, Biomechanical Phenomena, Computer Simulation, Droseraceae, Elasticity, Finite Element Analysis, Models, Biological, Physical Stimulation, Rheology, Viscosity

Journal Title

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1617-7959
1617-7940

Volume Title

20

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sponsorship
schweizerischer nationalfonds zur förderung der wissenschaftlichen forschung (CR22I2 166110)