A Review of Road Traffic-Derived Non-Exhaust Particles: Emissions, Physicochemical Characteristics, Health Risks, and Mitigation Measures.
Published version
Peer-reviewed
Repository URI
Repository DOI
Change log
Authors
Abstract
Implementation of regulatory standards has reduced exhaust emissions of particulate matter from road traffic substantially in the developed world. However, nonexhaust particle emissions arising from the wear of brakes, tires, and the road surface, together with the resuspension of road dust, are unregulated and exceed exhaust emissions in many jurisdictions. While knowledge of the sources of nonexhaust particles is fairly good, source-specific measurements of airborne concentrations are few, and studies of the toxicology and epidemiology do not give a clear picture of the health risk posed. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge, with a strong focus on health-related research, highlighting areas where further research is an essential prerequisite for developing focused policy responses to nonexhaust particles.
Description
Funder: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
Funder: Health Effects Institute
Funder: Trafikverket
Funder: Imperial College London
Funder: UK Health Security Agency
Funder: NordFoU
Keywords
Journal Title
Conference Name
Journal ISSN
1520-5851
Volume Title
Publisher
Publisher DOI
Sponsorship
British Heart Foundation (CH/09/002)
Robert Bosch GmbH (NE/S013342/2)
Wellcome Trust (209376/Z/17/Z)
Natural Environment Research Council (NE/S013342/2, NE/T001909/2)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES031986)