Sample Number	Site Code/ Year	Trench	Unit Number	Sample Number	Site Code/ Year	Trench	Unit Number
A	KLT96	J19/129	1653	20 97	KLT97	K19/211	4511
B	KLT96	K19/99	1561	21 95	KLT95	J19/4	1625
C	KLT96	H18/131	4263	21 97	KLT97	K19/210	4510
D	KLT96	H19/224	4251	22 96	KLT96	K20/171	1976
E	KLT96	I19/72	2818	22 97	KLT97	J18/266	2391
F	KLT97	K19/99	1561	23 95	KLT95	I20/1	4003
G	KLT96	I19/50	2802	23 96	KLT96	I19/44	1781
H	KLT97	J19/341	3927	24	KLT97	K18/173	4344
I	KLT97	J20/147	1388	25	KLT97	J19/356	3963
J	KLT97	J120/153	1389	31	KLT96	K20/183	1988
K	KLT97	K19/199	4507	33	KLT96	H18/98	2629
L	KLT97	K19/206	4510	34	KLT96	I19/52	2802
M	KLT97	K19/287	4822	36	KLT96	J19/204	1656
N	KLT96	J19/396	6423	37	KLT96	K19/72	1540
O	KLT98	K18/256	6125	42	KLT96	I19/70	2818
P	KLT98	K18/279	6141	43	KLT96	J19/204	1656
Q	KLT96	K19/99	1561	44	KLT96	I19/71	2817
1	KLT96	I19/26	1743	45	KLT96	J19/222	1686
2 96	KLT96	H18/20	2607	46	KLT96	H18/116	2640
2 97	KLT97	K19/354	1566	47	KLT96	H18/116	2640
4 96	KLT96	J19/98	1644	48	KLT96	H18/117	2636
4 97	KLT97	J19/308	3927	49	KLT95	I14/98	3459
5	KLT97	J19/297	3927	50 95	KLT95	I14/101	3458
6	KLT96	J19/110	1653	50 96	KLT96	J19/233	1690
7	KLT97	J19/323	3927	51	KLT96	I19/80	2823
11	KLT97	K19/204	4510	52	KLT96	I19/81	2825
13 96	KLT96	K20/154	1965	54	KLT96	J19/252	1696
13 97	KLT97	J18/265	2370	55	KLT96	K20/204	1994
14	KLT97	J19/334	3943	56	KLT96	J19/249	1688
19	KLT96	K20/166	1971	60	KLT96	K19/96	1560
20 95	KLT95	J19/4	1626				

Table F1:1 - Context details of archaeobotanical samples analysed in this report

CODE	Amalgamated Identification Categories	CODE	Amalgamated Identification Categories	CODE	Amalgamated Identification Categories
EINMEGR	T. monococcum and T. dicoccum grain - einkorn and emmer wheats	OLIVE	Olea - Olive	GRAM<	Graminae <2mm
EINEMGL	T. monococcum and T. dicoccum glume	VITIS	Vitis - Grape	HRDWILD	Wild Hordeum – wild barley
SPGR	T. spelta grain – spelt wheat	FICUS	Ficus - Fig	LEGUM	Leguminosae - legume
GLWHGR	Glume wheat indet. grains	POME	Punica - Pomegranate	LOL	Lolium – rye grass
FTWGR	T. aestivum/durum – bread/durum wheat	STONE	Fruit stone/nut shell	MALV	Malvaceae - mallow
FTWRAC	Free-threshing wheat rachis	ADON	Adonis – pheasant’s eye	MEDI	Medicago - medick
WHTYPE	Wheat type – species uncertain	ASTTRIG	Astragalus/ Trigonella – milk vetch / trigonel	NESLIA	Neslia - mustard
WHGR	Wheat grains identified to general level	AVEN	Avena - oat	PAPAV	Papaver - poppy
BARGR	Hordeum distichum / vulgare grain – two-row / six-row barley	BRO	Bromus – brome grass	PHAL	Phalaris – canary grass
BARRAC	Hordeum rachis - barley	BUPL	Bupleurum – hare’s ear or thorow-wax	PIMP	Pimpinella – saxifrage / anise
CERGR	Triticum/Hordeum – wheat / barley - and Cereal indet.	CHENO	Chenopodium - goosefoot	RUBI	Rubiaceae
CULM	Culm nodes and bases	COMP	Compositae - daisy	RUME	Rumex - dock
VIER	Vicia ervilia – bitter vetch	CORO	Coronilla	SCIR	Scirpus – clubrush or bullrush
LASA	Lathyrus sativus – grass pea	CRUC	Cruciferae - cabbage	SMGRA	Small Graminae (<0.5mm)
PISUM	Pisum - Common pea	CRUCSQ	Square Cruciferae type	TRIMEL	Trifolium/ Melilotis – clover or trefoil / melilot
LENS	Lens - Lentil	CYPER	Cyperaceae - sedge	UMBEL	Umbelliferae - carrot
LAAST	Large Astragalus type – milk vetch type	GALI	Galium - bedstraw	VACC	Vaccaria
LALEG	Large legumes	GRAM>	Graminae – grass >2mm	WILD	Wild species indet.
MILL	Panicum – Millet				

Table F1:2 - Summary of codes used in statistical analyses and the identification categories they represent.

N.B. Amalgamated categories which occurred in less than 6 of the samples (10% of the total number) and identification categories which were not easily converted into M.N.I. equivalents (e.g. Pomegranate flesh) were eliminated at this stage.

GENUS	CATEG.	GENUS	CATEG.	GENUS	CATEG.
Adonis	BFH	Galium	BFH	Neslia	BFH
Astragalus/Trigonella	SFH	Graminae >2mm	BFH	Papaver	SHL
Avena	BFH	Hordeum	BFH	Phalaris	SFH
Bromus	SFL	Lolium	BFH	Scirpus	SFH
Bupleurum*	BFH	Malvaceae	SHH	Trifolium/Melilotis	SFH
Chenopodiaceae	SFH	Medicago	BHH	Vaccinium	SFH
Coronilla	SHH				

Table F1:3 - Categorisation of wild seed characteristics expected to influence behaviour in crop processing. * indicates categories developed especially for the assemblages at Kilise Tepe.

	I	IIg	IIf	IIe	IId/e	IId	IIc	IIb	IIIe	IVb
EINKORN + EMMER	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#		
SPELT	#				#	#	#	#		
FREE-THRESHING WHEAT	#	#	#		#	#	#			
WHEAT TYPE							#			
BARLEY	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#		#
COMMON VETCH	#		#		#		#			
BITTER VETCH	#		#		#		#			
GRASS PEA	#				#	#	#			
COMMON PEA	#		#			#	#	#		
LENTIL	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	#		
MILLET	#	#	#		#	#				
FLAX	#	#				#				
OLIVE	#		#	#	#	#	#	#		
GRAPE	#		#	#	#	#	#	#		
FIG	#	#	#		#		#		#	
POMEGRANATE	#		#							#
TUBER	#					#				
NUMBER OF SAMPLES	8	1	7	1	5	4	17	7	2	1

Table F1:4 - Presence of potential crop types by phase. Presence is indicated by #

POTENTIAL ORIGIN CATEGORY	NUMBER OF SAMPLES
Cleaned product grain/legumes (<5% wild seeds)	7
Figs (whole)	2
Fine sieve products	5
Coarse sieve products	8
Hand picking cleanings	3
Fine sieve by-products	4
By-products from various crop processing stages	15
Wild dominated	6
Low counts (<25)	11

Table F1:5 - Categorisation of samples based on their overall composition and the results of crop processing analysis. The full list of categories is presented in Appendix.xls\CATEGORIES

Unit Number	Sample Numbers	Category	Degree of Consistency
1561	B F Q	Clean and semi-clean einkorn	High
1653	A 6	Semi-clean spelt	High
2640	46 47	Fine sieve by-products	High
2802	G 34	Mixed wild species	High
2818	E 42	Clean and semi-clean grass pea	High
3927	4-97 5	Semi-clean barley	See discussion
	H	Low counts	
	7	Hand pickings	
4510	11	Clean lentil	See discussion
	L 21-97	Clean and coarse sieve product barley	

Table F1:6 - Differences in content of sub-samples taken from the same excavation units

Room	Unit	Sample no(s)	Category	Description	Trench	Charred plant density cm³/l
3 ‘stele room’	1560	60	Barley – coarse sieve product	Destruction debris - south-east corner of room, near stele	K19a	4.5
	1686	45	Grass pea - clean	Destruction debris	J19b	8.6
	1690	50-96	Hand pickings	Pit P96/102 may be intrusive	J19b/d	6.1
4 ‘store	1561	B	Einkorn – semi-clean	Small area of floor cut by pits	K19b	N/A
room’		F	Einkorn – semi-clean	Small area of floor cut by pits	K19b	N/A
	1566	2-97	Low counts	Destruction fill containing complete jar	K19a/b	N/A
5 ‘store	4510	11	Lentil - clean	Concentration within destruction debris	K19c	27.13
room’		21-97	Barley – semi-clean	Concentration within destruction debris	K19c	17.4
		L	Barley – coarse sieve product	Concentration within destruction debris	K19c	285.0
6 ‘open space’	4511	20-97	Einkorn – semi-clean	Other side of plastered wall from 4510	K19c	3.5
7 and 8 ‘store room’	3927	4	Barley – semi-clean	Main level destruction debris directly on floor of plastered room	J19c	6.94
		5	Barley – semi-clean	Main level destruction debris directly on floor of plastered room	J19c	2.94
		7	Hand pickings	Main level destruction debris directly on floor of plastered room	J19c	1.2
		H	Low counts	Fill of whole pot in debris	J19c	0.83

Table F1:7 - Summary of samples from Level IIc. A concentration of olive stones (Rm 8, near east wall) was also recovered during excavation.

Einkorn (Triticum monococcum) appears to be the major crop, with emmer (T. dicoccum) as a weed or refuse contaminant.

Under-representation of phases due to the number of samples available/nature of the archaeology may be responsible for a lot of the variation - many taxa are absent from Level IIb (a sequence of floors with generally low concentrations of charred plant material) and IIg (one sample) It should be noted that the single samples from phases IIe and IVb contained low item counts, and that both samples from IIIe were grab samples of whole figs.

F1 Tables	2	19/4/05

Sample Number

Oriental Studies

2004-02-23T18:21:00