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Structure and dynamics of the integrin LFA-1 I-domain in the inactive state underlie its inside-out/outside-in signaling and allosteric mechanisms.


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Type

Article

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Authors

Kukic, Predrag 
Alvin Leung, Hoi Tik 
Bemporad, Francesco 
Aprile, Francesco A 
Kumita, Janet R 

Abstract

Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) is an integrin that transmits information in two directions across the plasma membrane of leukocytes, in so-called outside-in and inside-out signaling mechanisms. To investigate the structural basis of these mechanisms, we studied the conformational space of the apo I-domain using replica-averaged metadynamics simulations in combination with nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts. We thus obtained a free energy landscape that reveals the existence of three conformational substates of this domain. The three substates include conformations similar to existing crystallographic structures of the low-affinity I-domain, the inactive I-domain with an allosteric antagonist inhibitor bound underneath α helix 7, and an intermediate affinity state of the I-domain. The multiple substates were validated with residual dipolar coupling measurements. These results suggest that the presence of three substates in the apo I-domain enables the precise regulation of the binding process that is essential for the physiological function of LFA-1.

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Keywords

Allosteric Regulation, Amino Acid Sequence, Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Signal Transduction

Journal Title

Structure

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0969-2126
1878-4186

Volume Title

23

Publisher

Cell Press
Sponsorship
This study was supported by the Wellcome Trust and the BBSRC.