Micro(mi) RNA-34a targets protein phosphatase (PP)1γ to regulate DNA damage tolerance
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Authors
Takeda, Yuko
Venkitaraman, Ashok
Publication Date
2015-06-25Journal Title
Cell Cycle
ISSN
1538-4101
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Volume
14
Pages
3830-3841
Language
English
Type
Article
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Takeda, Y., & Venkitaraman, A. (2015). Micro(mi) RNA-34a targets protein phosphatase (PP)1γ to regulate DNA damage tolerance. Cell Cycle, 14 3830-3841. https://doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2015.1064202
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) triggers widespread changes in gene expression, mediated partly by alterations in micro(mi) RNA levels, whose nature and significance remain uncertain. Here, we report that miR-34a, which is upregulated during the DDR, modulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1γ (PP1γ) to regulate cellular tolerance to DNA damage. Multiple bio-informatic algorithms predict that miR-34a targets the PP1CCC gene encoding PP1γ protein. Ionising radiation (IR) decreases cellular expression of PP1γ in a dose-dependent manner. An miR-34a-mimic reduces cellular PP1γ protein. Conversely, an miR-34a inhibitor antagonizes IR-induced decreases in PP1γ protein expression. A wild-type (but not mutant) miR-34a seed match sequence from the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of PP1CCC when transplanted to a luciferase reporter gene makes it responsive to an miR-34a-mimic. Thus, miR-34a upregulation during the DDR targets the 3′ UTR of PP1CCC to decrease PP1γ protein expression. PP1γ is known to antagonize DDR signalling via the ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase. Interestingly, we find that cells exposed to DNA damage become more sensitive – in an miR-34a-dependent manner – to a second challenge with damage. Increased sensitivity to the second challenge is marked by enhanced phosphorylation of ATM and p53, increased γH2AX formation, and increased cell death. Increased sensitivity can be partly recapitulated by a miR-34a-mimic, or antagonized by an miR-34a-inhibitor. Thus, our findings suggest a model in which damage-induced miR-34a induction reduces PP1γ expression and enhances ATM signaling to decrease tolerance to repeated genotoxic challenges. This mechanism has implications for tumour suppression and the response of cancers to therapeutic radiation.
Sponsorship
Work in ARV's laboratory is funded by the Medical Research Council.
Funder references
MRC (G1001521)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12022/1)
MRC (MC_UU_12022/8)
MRC (MC_UU_12022/8)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2015.1064202
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/253057
Rights
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Licence URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/