jats:pHomer plays an important role in the discussion in the jats:italicHippias Minor</jats:italic> of voluntary and involuntary action and their relation to knowledge and goodness. This paper argues that the jats:italicHippias Minor</jats:italic> sheds light on the Homeric criticism of the late fifth and early fourth centuries, and that it looks forward to, and significantly influenced, the tradition of Hellenistic and later Homeric criticism, for which our best witnesses are the Homeric scholia. This article considers Socrates' presentation of Achilles and Odysseus in the jats:italicHippias Minor</jats:italic> and makes the case, more strongly than it has been made before, that this dialogue was an important influence on the later critical tradition.</jats:p>