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Beauty in efficiency: An experimental enquiry into the principle of maximum effect for minimum means

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Peer-reviewed

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Article

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Authors

Da Silva, O 
Hekkert, P 

Abstract

jats:pTheory and discourse suggest that the aesthetic appreciation of a wide range of artifacts—including works of art and consumer products—is partially governed by the principle of maximum effect for minimum means. We conducted two studies to find experimental evidence of this principle in the context of product design. In Study 1, we tested the hypothesis that the aesthetic appreciation of a product would be positively affected by the perception of the product as the minimum means achieving the maximum effect. Encouraged by the results of this study, we conducted Study 2 to test again the principle of maximum effect for minimum means using a more controlled experimental design. Our findings provide support for our hypothesis, indicating that the aesthetic appreciation of a product depends, to some extent, on the perception that the product achieves more than other products from its category by making an efficient use of resources.</jats:p>

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Keywords

aesthetic appreciation, aesthetic principles, design aesthetics, efficiency, maximum effect for minimum means, product experience

Journal Title

Empirical Studies of the Arts

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Journal ISSN

0276-2374
1541-4493

Volume Title

35

Publisher

SAGE Publications
Sponsorship
This research is part of Project UMA, which is supported by the MAGW VICI grant number 453-10-004 awarded to Paul Hekkert by The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research.