Solvent-Free Continuous Operations Using Small Footprint Reactors: A Key Approach for Process Intensification
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Peer-reviewed
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Abstract
A solvent-free approach to intensification of chemical processes is reported. This concept, in which reactions are carried out solvent-free, without the need for further downstream processing, was highlighted first with a full reduction of ethyl nicotinate to ethylpiperidine-3-carboxylate under continuous flow conditions. Using a small footprint reactor, a throughput of 26.4 g h–1 was achieved. Similarly, this approach was used for the telescoped two-step synthesis of 2-propyl phenol (productivity 120 g h–1) and 2-propyl cyclohexanone (productivity 30 g h–1), starting from the commercially available allyl phenol ether via Claisen rearrangement and subsequent reduction.
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Keywords
Claisen rearrangement, Flow chemistry, Heterogeneous hydrogenation, Process intensification, Solvent-free reactions
Journal Title
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
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Journal ISSN
2168-0485
2168-0485
2168-0485
Volume Title
4
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
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Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K009494/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/M004120/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K039520/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/M004120/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/K039520/1)
We would like to thank Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development (CB), the EPSRC (RJM, SVL, Grant Codes EP/K009494/1, EP/M004120/1 and EP/K039520/1) and the Woolf Fisher Trust (DEF) for financial support.