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The use of repeated blood pressure measures for cardiovascular risk prediction: a comparison of statistical models in the ARIC study.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Authors

Sweeting, Michael J  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0980-8965
Barrett, Jessica K 
Wood, Angela M 

Abstract

Many prediction models have been developed for the risk assessment and the prevention of cardiovascular disease in primary care. Recent efforts have focused on improving the accuracy of these prediction models by adding novel biomarkers to a common set of baseline risk predictors. Few have considered incorporating repeated measures of the common risk predictors. Through application to the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study and simulations, we compare models that use simple summary measures of the repeat information on systolic blood pressure, such as (i) baseline only; (ii) last observation carried forward; and (iii) cumulative mean, against more complex methods that model the repeat information using (iv) ordinary regression calibration; (v) risk-set regression calibration; and (vi) joint longitudinal and survival models. In comparison with the baseline-only model, we observed modest improvements in discrimination and calibration using the cumulative mean of systolic blood pressure, but little further improvement from any of the complex methods. © 2016 The Authors. Statistics in Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Description

Keywords

C-index, cardiovascular risk prediction, joint models, regression calibration, repeat measures, Bias, Biomarkers, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, Cardiovascular Diseases, Computer Simulation, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Statistical, Regression Analysis, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Survival Analysis

Journal Title

Stat Med

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0277-6715
1097-0258

Volume Title

Publisher

Wiley
Sponsorship
MRC (MR/L501566/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/K014811/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/L003120/1)
Medical Research Council (G0800270)
European Research Council (268834)
British Heart Foundation (None)
British Heart Foundation (None)
J.K.B. was supported by the Medical Research Council grant numbers G0902100 and MR/K014811/1. This work was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (G0800270), British Heart Foundation (SP/09/002), UK National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, European Research Council (268834) and European Commission Framework Programme 7 (HEALTH-F2-2012-279233). The ARIC study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C and HHSN268201100012C).