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Bottom-up Formation of Carbon-Based Structures with Multilevel Hierarchy from MOF-Guest Polyhedra.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Liu, Yingjun 
Li, Weiwei 

Abstract

Three-dimensional carbon-based structures have proven useful for tailoring material properties in structural mechanical and energy storage applications. One approach to obtain them has been by carbonization of selected metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with catalytic metals, but this is not applicable to most common MOF structures. Here, we present a strategy to transform common MOFs, by guest inclusions and high-temperature MOF-guest interactions, into complex carbon-based, diatom-like, hierarchical structures (named for the morphological similarities with the naturally existing diatomaceous species). As an example, we introduce metal salt guests into HKUST-1-type MOFs to generate a family of carbon-based nano-diatoms with two to four levels of structural hierarchy. We report control of the morphology by simple changes in the chemistry of the MOF and guest, with implications for the formation mechanisms. We demonstrate that one of these structures has unique advantages as a fast-charging lithium-ion battery anode. The tunability of composition should enable further studies of reaction mechanisms and result in the growth of a myriad of unprecedented carbon-based structures from the enormous variety of currently available MOF-guest candidates.

Description

Keywords

Metal-Organic Framework, Host-Guest Interaction, Carbonization, Carbon-based Materials, Lithium-ion Battery, Hierarchical Structures, MOF

Journal Title

J Am Chem Soc

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0002-7863
1520-5126

Volume Title

140

Publisher

American Chemical Society (ACS)
Sponsorship
EPSRC (1566990)
European Research Council (280078)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L011700/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/N004272/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L015889/1)
The project was funded through a European Research Council (ERC) grant to S.K.S. (grant number: EMATTER 280078). A.K.C. and Y.W. thank the Ras Al Khaimah Center for Advanced Materials (RAK-CAM). T.W. thanks the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for funding and EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Sensor Technologies and Applications (EP/L015889/1 and 1566990) for support. W.L. acknowledges the EPSRC grants (EP/L011700/1 and EP/N004272/1). Financial support by the Max Planck Society is gratefully acknowledged. K.D.F. acknowledges support from the Winston Churchill Foundation of the United States. C.Y. thanks the Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust for funding.