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Paramutation-like features of multiple natural epialleles in tomato.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Baulcombe, David C 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Freakish and rare or the tip of the iceberg? Both phrases have been used to refer to paramutation, an epigenetic drive that contravenes Mendel's first law of segregation. Although its underlying mechanisms are beginning to unravel, its understanding relies only on a few examples that may involve transgenes or artificially generated epialleles. RESULTS: By using DNA methylation of introgression lines as an indication of past paramutation, we reveal that the paramutation-like properties of the H06 locus in hybrids of Solanum lycopersicum and a range of tomato relatives and cultivars depend on the timing of sRNA production and conform to an RNA-directed mechanism. In addition, by scanning the methylomes of tomato introgression lines for shared regions of differential methylation that are absent in the S. lycopersicum parent, we identify thousands of candidate regions for paramutation-like behaviour. The methylation patterns for a subset of these regions segregate with non Mendelian ratios, consistent with secondary paramutation-like interactions to variable extents depending on the locus. CONCLUSION: Together these results demonstrate that paramutation-like epigenetic interactions are common for natural epialleles in tomato, but vary in timing and penetrance.

Description

Keywords

DNA methylation, Epigenetics, Hybrids, Introgression lines, Paramutation, RNA-directed DNA methylation, Small RNAs, Alleles, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Gene Silencing, Solanum lycopersicum, Mutation, RNA, Small Interfering, Transgenes

Journal Title

BMC Genomics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1471-2164
1471-2164

Volume Title

19

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Sponsorship
European Research Council (340642)