What indeed can be tested with an instrumental variable?

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Article
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Abstract

An astronomer, a physicist and a mathematician are on a train in Scotland. The astronomer looks out of the window, sees a black sheep standing in a field, and remarks, “How odd. All the sheep in Scotland are black!” “No, no, no!” says the physicist. “Only some Scottish sheep are black.” The mathematician rolls his eyes at his companions’ muddled thinking and says, “In Scotland, there is at least one sheep, at least one side of which appears to be black from here some of the time”.

Publication Date
2018-06-25
Online Publication Date
2018-06-25
Acceptance Date
2018-06-15
Keywords
Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Research Design
Journal Title
European Journal of Epidemiology
Journal ISSN
1573-7284
1573-7284
Volume Title
33
Publisher
Springer Nature
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (MR/L003120/1)
British Heart Foundation (None)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00002/7)
Wellcome Trust (204623/Z/16/Z)