How release of phosphate from mammalian F1-ATPase generates a rotary substep.
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Publication Date
2015-05-12Journal Title
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Volume
112
Issue
19
Pages
6009-6014
Language
eng
Type
Article
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Bason, J. V., Montgomery, M., Leslie, A. G., & Walker, J. (2015). How release of phosphate from mammalian F1-ATPase generates a rotary substep.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 112 (19), 6009-6014. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506465112
Abstract
The rotation of the central stalk of F1-ATPase is driven by energy derived from the sequential binding of an ATP molecule to its three catalytic sites and the release of the products of hydrolysis. In human F1-ATPase, each 360° rotation consists of three 120° steps composed of substeps of about 65°, 25°, and 30°, with intervening ATP binding, phosphate release, and catalytic dwells, respectively. The F1-ATPase inhibitor protein, IF1, halts the rotary cycle at the catalytic dwell. The human and bovine enzymes are essentially identical, and the structure of bovine F1-ATPase inhibited by IF1 represents the catalytic dwell state. Another structure, described here, of bovine F1-ATPase inhibited by an ATP analog and the phosphate analog, thiophosphate, represents the phosphate binding dwell. Thiophosphate is bound to a site in the α(E)β(E)-catalytic interface, whereas in F1-ATPase inhibited with IF1, the equivalent site is changed subtly and the enzyme is incapable of binding thiophosphate. These two structures provide a molecular mechanism of how phosphate release generates a rotary substep as follows. In the active enzyme, phosphate release from the β(E)-subunit is accompanied by a rearrangement of the structure of its binding site that prevents released phosphate from rebinding. The associated extrusion of a loop in the β(E)-subunit disrupts interactions in the α(E)β(E-)catalytic interface and opens it to its fullest extent. Other rearrangements disrupt interactions between the γ-subunit and the C-terminal domain of the α(E)-subunit. To restore most of these interactions, and to make compensatory new ones, the γ-subunit rotates through 25°-30°.
Keywords
Mitochondria, Animals, Cattle, Humans, Phosphates, Proton-Translocating ATPases, Adenosine Diphosphate, Crystallography, X-Ray, Temperature, Catalytic Domain, Protein Structure, Secondary, Protein Binding, Hydrolysis, Models, Molecular, Molecular Motor Proteins
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (MC_U105663150)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506465112
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284978
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