Diabetic retinopathy: a complex pathophysiology requiring novel therapeutic strategies.
Authors
Wickremasinghe, Sanjeewa
Osborne, Andrew
Van Wijngaarden, Peter
Martin, Keith R
Publication Date
2018-12Journal Title
Expert Opin Biol Ther
ISSN
1471-2598
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Volume
18
Issue
12
Pages
1257-1270
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
AM
VoR
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Whitehead, M., Wickremasinghe, S., Osborne, A., Van Wijngaarden, P., & Martin, K. R. (2018). Diabetic retinopathy: a complex pathophysiology requiring novel therapeutic strategies.. Expert Opin Biol Ther, 18 (12), 1257-1270. https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2018.1545836
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in the working age population of the developed world. DR encompasses a complex pathology, and one that is reflected in the variety of currently available treatments, which include laser photocoagulation, glucocorticoids, vitrectomy and agents which neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Whilst these options demonstrate modest clinical benefits, none is yet to fully attenuate clinical progression or reverse damage to the retina. This has led to an interest in developing novel therapies for the condition, such as mediators of angiopoietin signaling axes, immunosuppressants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), oxidative stress inhibitors and vitriol viscosity inhibitors. Further, preclinical research suggests that gene therapy treatment for DR could provide significant benefits over existing treatments options. AREAS COVERED: Here we review the pathophysiology of DR and provide an overview of currently available treatments. We then outline recent advances made towards improved patient outcomes and highlight the potential of the gene therapy paradigm to revolutionize DR management. EXPERT OPINION: Whilst significant progress has been made towards our understanding of DR, further research is required to enable the development of a detailed spatiotemporal model of the disease. In addition, we hope that improvements in our knowledge of the condition facilitate therapeutic innovations that continue to address unmet medical need and improve patient outcomes, with a focus on the development of targeted medicines.
Keywords
Animals, Humans, Diabetic Retinopathy, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Glucocorticoids, Therapies, Investigational, Genetic Therapy
Sponsorship
Cambridge Eye Trust
Research Councils UK - Medical Research Council
the Wellcome Trust
Funder references
Cambridge Eye Trust (unknown)
Medical Research Council (1944187)
Embargo Lift Date
2100-01-01
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14712598.2018.1545836
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286856
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