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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM): New insights into Coronary artery remodelling and ischemia from FFRCT.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Article

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Authors

Sellers, Stephanie L 
Fonte, Tim A 
Grover, Rominder 
Mooney, John 
Weir-McCall, Jonathan  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5842-842X

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Angina, myocardial ischemia, and coronary artery physiology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are poorly understood. However, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) with fractional flow reserve from CT (FFRCT) analysis offers a non-invasive method for evaluation of coronary artery volume to myocardial mass ratio (V/M) that may provide insight into such mechanisms. Thus, we sought to investigate changes in V/M in HCM. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 37 HCM patients and 37 controls matched for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors; CCTA-derived coronary artery lumen volume (V) and myocardial mass (M) were used to determine V/M. FFRCT values were calculated for the left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCx) and right coronary (RCA) arteries as well as the 3-vessel cumulative FFRCT values. RESULTS: HCM patients had significantly increased myocardial mass (176 ± 84 vs. 119 ± 27 g, p < 0.0001) and total coronary artery luminal volume (4112 ± 1139 vs. 3290 ± 924 mm3, p < 0.0001) that resulted from increases in segmented luminal volumes of both the left and right coronary artery systems. However, HCM patients had significantly decreased V/M (23.8 ± 5.9 vs. 26.5 ± 5.3 mm3/g; p = 0.026) which was further decreased when restricting V/M analysis to those HCM patients with septal hypertrophy (22.4 mm3/g, p = 0.01) that was mild-moderately predictive of HCM (AUC = 0.68). HCM patients also showed significantly lower nadir FFRCT values in the LCx (0.87 ± 0.06 vs. 0.91 ± 0.06, p = 0.02), and cumulative 3-vessel FFRCT values (2.58 ± 0.18 vs. 2.63 ± 0.14, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: HCM patients demonstrate significantly greater coronary volume. Despite this, HCM patients suffer from decreased V/M. Further prospective studies evaluating the relationship between V/M, angina, and heart failure in HCM are needed.

Description

Keywords

Computed tomography angiography, Coronary remodelling, FFR(CT), Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Ischemia, V/M, Adult, Aged, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Computed Tomography Angiography, Coronary Angiography, Coronary Stenosis, Coronary Vessels, Female, Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Vascular Remodeling, Ventricular Remodeling

Journal Title

J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1934-5925
1876-861X

Volume Title

12

Publisher

Elsevier BV