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Cerebral perfusion changes in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia: a GENFI study.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Article

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Authors

Mutsaerts, Henri JMM 
Mirza, Saira S 
Petr, Jan 
Thomas, David L 
Cash, David M 

Abstract

Genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia are most commonly due to mutations in three genes, C9orf72, GRN or MAPT, with presymptomatic carriers from families representing those at risk. While cerebral blood flow shows differences between frontotemporal dementia and other forms of dementia, there is limited evidence of its utility in presymptomatic stages of frontotemporal dementia. This study aimed to delineate the cerebral blood flow signature of presymptomatic, genetic frontotemporal dementia using a voxel-based approach. In the multicentre GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI) study, we investigated cross-sectional differences in arterial spin labelling MRI-based cerebral blood flow between presymptomatic C9orf72, GRN or MAPT mutation carriers (n = 107) and non-carriers (n = 113), using general linear mixed-effects models and voxel-based analyses. Cerebral blood flow within regions of interest derived from this model was then explored to identify differences between individual gene carrier groups and to estimate a timeframe for the expression of these differences. The voxel-based analysis revealed a significant inverse association between cerebral blood flow and the expected age of symptom onset in carriers, but not non-carriers. Regions included the bilateral insulae/orbitofrontal cortices, anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and inferior parietal cortices, as well as the left middle temporal gyrus. For all bilateral regions, associations were greater on the right side. After correction for partial volume effects in a region of interest analysis, the results were found to be largely driven by the C9orf72 genetic subgroup. These cerebral blood flow differences first appeared approximately 12.5 years before the expected symptom onset determined on an individual basis. Cerebral blood flow was lower in presymptomatic mutation carriers closer to and beyond their expected age of symptom onset in key frontotemporal dementia signature regions. These results suggest that arterial spin labelling MRI may be a promising non-invasive imaging biomarker for the presymptomatic stages of genetic frontotemporal dementia.

Description

Keywords

arterial spin labelling, cerebral blood flow, genetic frontotemporal dementia, presymptomatic biomarker, Adult, Aged, Brain, C9orf72 Protein, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Frontotemporal Dementia, Heterozygote, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Neuropsychological Tests, Progranulins, tau Proteins

Journal Title

Brain

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0006-8950
1460-2156

Volume Title

142

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (088324/Z/09/Z)
MRC (via University College London (UCL)) (523989)
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH) (146281)
Medical Research Council (MR/J009482/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/M009041/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/M024873/1)