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The evolutionary contingency thesis and evolutionary idiosyncrasies

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Abstract

Much philosophical progress has been made in elucidating the idea of evolutionary contingency in a recent re-burgeoning of the debate. However, additional progress has been impaired on three fronts. The first relates to its characterisation: the under-specification of various contingency claims has made it difficult to conceptually pinpoint the scope to which ‘contingency’ allegedly extends, as well as which biological forms are in contention. That is – there appears to be no systematic means with which to fully specify contingency claims which has led to a tendency for authors to talk past each other. Secondly, on the matter of evidence, recent research has focused on the evidential import of (genuine) convergent evolution which is taken to disconfirm the evolutionary contingency thesis. However, there has been a neglect of convergent evolution’s converse: ‘evolutionary idiosyncrasies’ or the singular evolution of certain forms, which I argue is evidentially supportive of evolutionary contingency. Thirdly, evolutionary contingency has often been claimed to vary in degrees and that the debate, itself, is a matter of ‘relative significance’ (sensu Beatty). However, there has been no formal method of evaluating the strength of contingency and its relative significance in a particular domain. In this paper, I address all three issues by (i) proposing a systematic means of fully specifying contingency theses with the concept of the modal range. Secondly, I (ii) propose an account of evolutionary idiosyncrasies, investigate the explanations for their occurrences, and, subsequently, spell out their significance with respect to the evolutionary contingency thesis. Finally, having been equipped with the evidential counterpart to convergent evolution, I shall (iii) sketch a likelihood framework for evaluating, precisely on the basis of a sequence of opposing data, the strength and relative significance of evolutionary contingency in a particular domain. With this in hand, the relative observations of idiosyncrasies and convergences can be informative of the strength and relative significance of contingency in any particular domain.

Description

Keywords

Evolutionary contingency, Evolutionary idiosyncrasies, Convergent evolution, ModalRange, Relative significance, Chance, Unique evolution

Journal Title

Biology and Philosophy

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0169-3867
1572-8404

Volume Title

34

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Rights

All rights reserved