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Disordered domains in chromatin-binding proteins.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Watson, Matthew 

Abstract

Chromatin comprises proteins, DNA and RNA, and its function is to condense and package the genome in a way that allows the necessary transactions such as transcription, replication and repair to occur in a highly organised and regulated manner. The packaging of chromatin is often thought of in a hierarchical fashion starting from the most basic unit of DNA packaging, the nucleosome, to the condensation of nucleosomal 'beads on a string' by linker histones to form the 30-nm fibre and eventually large chromatin domains. However, a picture of a more heterogeneous, dynamic and liquid-like assembly is emerging, in which intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and proteins containing intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) play a central role. Disorder features at all levels of chromatin organisation, from the histone tails, which are sites of extensive post-translational modification (PTM) that change the fate of the underlying genomic information, right through to transcription hubs, and the recently elucidated roles of IDPs and IDRs in the condensation of large regions of the genome through liquid-liquid phase separation.

Description

Keywords

chromatin, intrinsically disordered proteins, linker histone, phase separation, post translational modification, transcription factor, Animals, DNA-Binding Proteins, Humans, Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, Nucleosomes, Protein Binding, Protein Domains, Protein Processing, Post-Translational

Journal Title

Essays Biochem

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0071-1365
1744-1358

Volume Title

63

Publisher

Portland Press Ltd.

Rights

All rights reserved
Sponsorship
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/N022181/1)