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Cyclododecane as temporary protection on distemper wall paintings prior to plaster consolidation: the temple restoration project in Sikkim


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Conference Object

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Authors

Bonnat, Mélodie 

Abstract

Cyclododecane (CDD) is a volatile product that was successfully used by wall painting conservators during conservation of wall paintings in the Hee Gyathang and Singhik temples in 2014 and 2015. In this region, restoration projects have been taking place since the Buddhist-built heritage suffered from a severe earthquake in September 2011. Developing an adequate and ethical restoration method adapted to the artefact’s characteristics is a challenge, considering the unique context of the project. Most Sikkimese temples built after the seventeenth century are decorated with religious murals, traditionally painted with animal glue mixed with pigments and applied on earthen plasters. The hydrophilic characteristics of these materials set strict parameters for the conservator, who must limit water and abrasion throughout the restoration process. The presence of a varnish may allow the use of Japanese paper glued with methyl cellulose as a protection, but this is impossible on unvarnished surfaces. Due to strong vibrations from earthquakes, plasters are commonly detached from the wall so consolidation by grout injection is necessary. It is crucial to avoid grout leaks at the surface of the original paintings, since stains from grout on matte paint are almost impossible to clean. In order to protect the paintings, CDD was tested. It was prepared in saturated solution with cyclohexane, slightly heated in a convenient electrical baby milk bottle heater and applied with a smooth brush on the paintings. The CDD layer was very thin and almost transparent but thick enough to repel grout leaks and protect the paint layer during the grout injection. After three days, the CDD was totally sublimed, having protected the decorated surface from all residues and successfully preserved the matte and bright appearance of the paint layer. The temporary protection of water soluble murals with volatile CDD was a good alternative to Japanese paper and methyl cellulose. The product seemed to behave acceptably on glue-based matte painting in a relatively humid and temperate climate and could be used for future conservation projects of unvarnished matte murals.

Description

This paper is published in the book ‘Subliming Surfaces: Volatile Binding Media in Heritage Conservation’, ed. Christina Rozeik (University of Cambridge Museums, 2018), pp. 153-154.

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University of Cambridge Museums