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Genetic aetiology of glycaemic traits: approaches and insights.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Marenne, Gaëlle 
Barroso, Inês 

Abstract

Glycaemic traits such as fasting and post-challenge glucose and insulin measures, as well as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), are used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. These traits are risk factors for cardiovascular disease even below the diabetic threshold, and their study can additionally yield insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. To date, a diverse set of genetic approaches have led to the discovery of over 97 loci influencing glycaemic traits. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in the genetic aetiology of glycaemic traits, and the resulting biological insights. We will provide a brief overview of results ranging from common, to low- and rare-frequency variant-trait association studies, studies leveraging the diversity across populations, and studies harnessing the power of genetic and genomic approaches to gain insights into the biological underpinnings of these traits.

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Keywords

Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fasting, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Insulin

Journal Title

Hum Mol Genet

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0964-6906
1460-2083

Volume Title

26

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)