Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and cardiorespiratory fitness with heart rate variability in 6- to 9-year-old children: the PANIC study.
Authors
Haapala, Eero A
Leppänen, Marja H
Lintu, Niina
Tompuri, Tuomo
Seppälä, Santeri
Ekelund, Ulf
Tarvainen, Mika P
Lakka, Timo A
Publication Date
2019-12Journal Title
European journal of applied physiology
ISSN
1439-6319
Publisher
Springer Nature
Volume
119
Issue
11-12
Pages
2487-2498
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
AM
Physical Medium
Print-Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Veijalainen, A., Haapala, E. A., Väistö, J., Leppänen, M. H., Lintu, N., Tompuri, T., Seppälä, S., et al. (2019). Associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and cardiorespiratory fitness with heart rate variability in 6- to 9-year-old children: the PANIC study.. European journal of applied physiology, 119 (11-12), 2487-2498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04231-5
Abstract
PURPOSE
To study the associations of physical activity (PA), sedentary time (ST), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with heart rate variability (HRV) in children.
METHODS
The participants were a population sample of 377 children aged 6-9 years (49% boys). ST, light PA (LPA), moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and PA energy expenditure (PAEE) were assessed using a combined heart rate and movement sensor, maximal power output per kilograms of lean body mass as a measure of CRF by maximal cycle ergometer exercise test, and HRV variables (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, and HF) using 5-minute resting electrocardiography. Data were analysed by linear regression adjusted for years from peak height velocity.
RESULTS
In boys, ST was inversely associated (ß=-0.185 to -0.146, p=0.049) and MVPA, VPA, PAEE, and CRF were directly associated (ß=0.147 to 0.320, p=0.048) with HRV variables. CRF was directly associated with all HRV variables and PAEE was directly associated with RMSSD after mutual adjustment for ST, PAEE, and CRF (ß=0.169 to 0.270, p=0.046). In girls, ST was inversely associated (ß=-0.382 to -0.294, p<0.001) and LPA, MPA, VPA, MVPA, and PAEE were directly associated with HRV variables (ß=0.144 to 0.348, p=0.049). After mutual adjustment for ST, PAEE, and CRF, only the inverse associations of ST with HRV variables remained statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher ST and lower PA and CRF were associated with poorer cardiac autonomic nervous system function in children. Lower CRF in boys and higher ST in girls were the strongest correlates of poorer cardiac autonomic function.
Keywords
Humans, Exercise Test, Exercise, Cross-Sectional Studies, Body Composition, Energy Metabolism, Heart Rate, Physical Fitness, Child, Female, Male, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Sedentary Behavior
Sponsorship
KW and SB were supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/3) and the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (IS-BRC-1215-20014).
Funder references
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH) (146281)
MRC (MC_UU_12015/3)
Embargo Lift Date
2022-09-12
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-019-04231-5
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/296824
Rights
All rights reserved