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Slow Relaxation and Diffusion in Holographic Quantum Critical Phases

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Davison, RA 
Gentle, SA 
Goutéraux, B 

Abstract

The dissipative dynamics of strongly interacting systems are often characterized by the timescale set by the inverse temperature τP∼ /(kBT). We show that near a class of strongly interacting quantum critical points that arise in the infrared limit of translationally invariant holographic theories, there is a collective excitation (a quasinormal mode of the dual black hole spacetime) whose lifetime τeq is parametrically longer than τP: τeq≫T-1. The lifetime is enhanced due to its dependence on a dangerously irrelevant coupling that breaks the particle-hole symmetry and the invariance under Lorentz boosts of the quantum critical point. The thermal diffusivity (in units of the butterfly velocity) is anomalously large near the quantum critical point and is governed by τeq rather than τP. We conjecture that there exists a long-lived, propagating collective mode with velocity vs, and in this case the relation D=vs2τeq holds exactly in the limit Tτeq≫1. While scale invariance is broken, a generalized scaling theory still holds provided that the dependence of observables on the dangerously irrelevant coupling is incorporated. Our work further underlines the connection between dangerously irrelevant deformations and slow equilibration.

Description

Keywords

5107 Particle and High Energy Physics, 5108 Quantum Physics, 4902 Mathematical Physics, 49 Mathematical Sciences, 51 Physical Sciences

Journal Title

Physical Review Letters

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0031-9007
1079-7114

Volume Title

123

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)
Sponsorship
Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/R004455/1)
Science and Technology Facilities Council (ST/P000681/1)
R. A. D. is supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant No. GBMF-4306, STFC Ernest Rutherford Grant No. ST/R004455/1 and STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/P000681/1. The work of S. A. G. was supported by the Delta-Institute for Theoretical Physics (D-ITP) that is funded by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (OCW). B. G. has been partially supported during this work by the Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship No. 624054 within the 7th European Community Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013, as well as by the ERC advanced Grant No. 341222.