Numerical and Centrifuge modelling of gravity wharf structures subjected to seismic loading
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Gravity Wharf (GW) structures are gaining popularity in new port constructions as well as expanding existing ports. When such structures are located on saturated alluvial seabed, their seismic performance needs to be established, particularly from a liquefaction point of view. In this paper, time domain finite element (FE) analyses are carried out on a typical GW structure cross-section located on a 10 m thick saturated, sand bed. The same cross-section was also tested in a geotechnical centrifuge and subjected to earthquake loading. The results from the finite element analyses are compared directly to the centrifuge test data. Firstly the settlement and rotation of the GW structure when subjected to a series of earthquake loadings are compared. It is shown that the FE analyses were able to capture the level of settlements quite well. Similarly the dynamic response of the GW structure observed in the centrifuge testing is compared to the results from the FE analyses. Finally the excess pore pressures generated in the sand bed are compared to the experimental data. In addition to the centrifuge testing the FE analysis is able to provide the spatial redistribution of the vertical effective stresses with onset of excess pore pressure generation. Similarly the excess pore pressure ratio contours can be constructed at any given time instant. Combining the results from the FE analyses and the centrifuge data it will be concluded that the GW structures can perform well even under strong earthquake loading with acceptable settlements.
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1943-5460