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Environmentally stable black phosphorus saturable absorber for ultrafast laser

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Jin, X 
Hu, G 
Zhang, M 
Albrow-Owen, Thomas  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0443-014X
Zheng, Z 

Abstract

jats:titleAbstract</jats:title> jats:pBlack phosphorus (BP) attracts huge interest in photonic and optoelectronic applications ranging from passive switch for ultrafast lasers to photodetectors. However, the instability of chemically unfunctionalized BP in ambient environment due to oxygen and moisture remains a critical barrier to its potential applications. Here, the parylene-C layer was used to protect inkjet-printed BP-saturable absorbers (BP-SA), and the efficacy of this passivation layer was demonstrated on the stable and continuous operation of inkjet-printed BP-SA in harsh environmental conditions. BP-SA was integrated in an erbium-doped ring laser cavity and immersed in water at ~60°C during operation for investigation. Mode-locked pulses at ~1567.3 nm with ~538 fs pulse width remained stable for >200 h. The standard deviation of spectral width, central wavelength, and pulse width were 0.0248 nm, 0.0387 nm, and 2.3 fs, respectively, in this period, underscoring the extreme stability of BP-SA against high temperature and humidity. This approach could enable the exploitation of BP-based devices for photonic applications when operating under adverse environmental conditions.</jats:p>

Description

Keywords

2D materials, black phosphorus, fiber laser

Journal Title

Nanophotonics

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2192-8606
2192-8614

Volume Title

9

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L016087/1)
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 51778030 and 51978024, Funder Id: http:// dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809) and EPSRC (grant EP/L016087/1, Funder Id: http://dx.doi. org/10.13039/501100000266).