This research project was undertaken as part of work was supported by the UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K008196/1].

Sixteen undergraduate students performed sketching tasks using “Gravity Sketch 3D” (GSVR) and the HTC Vive VR system in a physical area of 2.5 by 2 metres. All VR sketches were screen recorded using a VR-capable laptop computer. A wide-angle video camera was used to record the participants’ physical actions as they moved around the room. Another video camera was positioned directly above a drawing board to capture the production of paper-based sketches. To record the participants’ utterances during the study, they wore a lapel microphone connected wirelessly to a radio receiver unit connected to the laptop. To facilitate review and analysis, the video recordings from the VR sketching sessions were edited to produce synchronized picture-in-picture videos showing the participants’ physical actions and the images they were producing with those actions (e.g. 3D sketches in VR).