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SID-2 negatively regulates development likely independent of nutritional dsRNA uptake.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Jordan, David 
Jenkins, Benjamin 
Miska, Eric Alexander  ORCID logo  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-576X

Abstract

RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene regulatory mechanism based on RNA-RNA interaction conserved through eukaryotes. Surprisingly, many animals can take-up human-made double stranded RNA (dsRNA) from the environment to initiate RNAi suggesting a mechanism for dsRNA-based information exchange between organisms and their environment. However, no naturally occurring example has been identified since the discovery of the phenomenon 22 years ago. Therefore it remains enigmatic why animals are able to take up dsRNA. Here, we explore other possible functions by performing phenotypic studies of dsRNA uptake deficient sid-2 mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that SID-2 does not have a nutritional role in feeding experiments using genetic sensitized mutants. Furthermore, we use robot assisted imaging to show that sid-2 mutants accelerate growth rate and, by maternal contribution, body length at hatching. Finally, we perform transcriptome and lipidome analysis showing that sid-2 has no effect on energy storage lipids, but affects signalling lipids and the embryo transcriptome. Overall, these results suggest that sid-2 has mild effects on development and is unlikely functioning in the nutritional uptake of dsRNA. These findings broaden our understanding of the biological role of SID-2 and motivate studies identifying the role of environmental dsRNA uptake.

Description

Keywords

Environmental RNAi, RNA communication, RNAi, double stranded RNA, nutrition, Animals, Animals, Genetically Modified, Biological Transport, Caenorhabditis elegans, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Humans, Larva, Lipid Metabolism, Membrane Proteins, Mutation, RNA Interference, RNA, Double-Stranded

Journal Title

RNA Biol

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1547-6286
1555-8584

Volume Title

18

Publisher

Informa UK Limited

Rights

All rights reserved
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (104640/Z/14/Z)
Cancer Research UK (18583)
Wellcome Trust (092096/Z/10/Z)
Cancer Research Uk (None)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/M027252/1)
MRC (MC_UU_00014/5)