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Life, death, and the destruction of architecture: Hunter-gatherer mortuary behaviors in prehistoric Jordan

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Maher, LA 
Macdonald, DA 
Stock, JT 

Abstract

The end of the Pleistocene in Southwest Asia is widely known for the emergence of socially-complex hunter-gatherers—the Natufians—characterized by a rich material culture record, including elaborate burials. In comparison, human interments that predate the Natufian are rare. The discovery and excavation of a hut structure at the 20,000-year-old Epipalaeolithic site of Kharaneh IV in eastern Jordan reveals the remains of an adult female intentionally placed in a semi-flexed position on one of the structure’s floors. The structure was burned down shortly after her deposition, extensively charring the human remains. The burying of the dead within structures and the burning of domestic structures are well-known from later Neolithic periods, although their combination as a mortuary practice is rare. However, for the Early Epipalaeolithic, the burning of a structure containing the primary deposition of human remains is novel and signifies an early appearance for the intentional burning of bodies as a mortuary treatment and symbolic behaviors associated with the interrelated life histories of structures and people.

Description

Keywords

Mortuary practices, Hunter-gatherer, Jordan, Epipalaeolithic, Burial, Architecture

Journal Title

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0278-4165
1090-2686

Volume Title

61

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
National Science Foundation Grant numbers: 1727357, 1727368 Wenner-Gren Foundation University of California Berkeley University of Tulsa