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Expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of ATP6V1A related metabolic cutis laxa.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Article

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Authors

Herczegfalvi, Ágnes 
Kölbel, Heike 
Lekaj, Anja 

Abstract

Several inborn errors of metabolism show cutis laxa as a highly recognizable feature. One group of these metabolic cutis laxa conditions is autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2 caused by defects in v-ATPase components or the mitochondrial proline cycle. Besides cutis laxa, muscular hypotonia and cardiac abnormalities are hallmarks of autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2D (ARCL2D) due to pathogenic variants in ATP6V1A encoding subunit A of the v-ATPase. Here, we report on three affected individuals from two families with ARCL2D in whom we performed whole exome and Sanger sequencing. We performed functional studies in fibroblasts from one individual, summarized all known probands' clinical, molecular, and biochemical features and compared them, also to other metabolic forms of cutis laxa. We identified novel missense and the first nonsense variant strongly affecting ATP6V1A expression. All six ARCL2D affected individuals show equally severe cutis laxa and dysmorphism at birth. While for one no information was available, two died in infancy and three are now adolescents with mild or absent intellectual disability. Muscular weakness, ptosis, contractures, and elevated muscle enzymes indicated a persistent myopathy. In cellular studies, a fragmented Golgi compartment, a delayed Brefeldin A-induced retrograde transport and glycosylation abnormalities were present in fibroblasts from two individuals. This is the second and confirmatory report on pathogenic variants in ATP6V1A as the cause of this extremely rare condition and the first to describe a nonsense allele. Our data highlight the tremendous clinical variability of ATP6V1A related phenotypes even within the same family.

Description

Keywords

ATP6V1A, Golgi apparatus, autosomal recessive cutis laxa, hypotonia, progeroid features, v-ATPase, Adolescent, Alleles, Case-Control Studies, Cutis Laxa, Fibroblasts, Golgi Apparatus, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intellectual Disability, Male, Mutation, Missense, Pedigree, Phenotype, Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases

Journal Title

J Inherit Metab Dis

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0141-8955
1573-2665

Volume Title

44

Publisher

Wiley
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (109915_A_15_Z)
Medical Research Council (MR/N025431/2)
MRC (MR/V009346/1)