Early life stress and behavior problems in early childhood: Investigating the contributions of child temperament and executive functions to resilience
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Abstract: This preregistered study examined whether child temperament and executive functions moderated the longitudinal association between early life stress (ELS) and behavior problems. In a Dutch population‐based cohort (n = 2803), parents reported on multiple stressors (age 0–6 years), child temperament (age 5), and executive functions (age 4), and teachers rated child internalizing and externalizing problems (age 7). Results showed that greater ELS was related to higher levels of internalizing and externalizing problems, with betas reflecting small effects. Lower surgency buffered the positive association of ELS with externalizing problems, while better shifting capacities weakened the positive association between ELS and internalizing problems. Other child characteristics did not act as moderators. Findings underscore the importance of examining multiple protective factors simultaneously.
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Funder: NWO: Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003246
Funder: ZonMw; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001826
Funder: Ministry of Youth and Families
Funder: Fulbright U.S. Student Program
Funder: Erasmus Medisch Centrum; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003061
Funder: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001828
Funder: Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport; Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002999
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1467-8624