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Staggered starts in the race to T cell activation.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

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Authors

Richard, Arianne C 
Frazer, Gordon L 
Ma, Claire Y 
Griffiths, Gillian M 

Abstract

How T lymphocytes tune their responses to different strengths of stimulation is a fundamental question in immunology. Recent work using new optogenetic, single-cell genomic, and live-imaging approaches has revealed that stimulation strength controls the rate of individual cell responses within a population. Moreover, these responses have been found to use shared molecular programs, regardless of stimulation strength. However, additional data indicate that stimulation duration or cytokine feedback can impact later gene expression phenotypes of activated cells. In-depth molecular studies have suggested mechanisms by which stimulation strength might modulate the probability of T cell activation. This emerging model allows activating T cells to achieve a wide range of population responses through probabilistic control within individual cells.

Description

Keywords

Cytokines, Genome, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, T-Lymphocytes

Journal Title

Trends Immunol

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1471-4906
1471-4981

Volume Title

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (217100/Z/19/Z)
Wellcome Trust (204017/Z/16/Z)
Medical Research Council (MR/P014178/1)