Cycles and circulation: a theme in the history of biology and medicine
Authors
Browne, Janet
Groeben, Christiane
Kuriyama, Shigehisa
Giglioni, Guido
Nyhart, Lynn K.
Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg
Dröscher, Ariane
Anker, Peder
Grote, Mathias
Publication Date
2021-07-12Journal Title
History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
ISSN
0391-9714
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Volume
43
Issue
3
Language
en
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Hopwood, N., Müller-Wille, S., Browne, J., Groeben, C., Kuriyama, S., van der Lugt, M., Giglioni, G., et al. (2021). Cycles and circulation: a theme in the history of biology and medicine. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 43 (3) https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-021-00425-3
Description
Funder: National Science Foundation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Funder: History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences
Abstract
Abstract: We invite systematic consideration of the metaphors of cycles and circulation as a long-term theme in the history of the life and environmental sciences and medicine. Ubiquitous in ancient religious and philosophical traditions, especially in representing the seasons and the motions of celestial bodies, circles once symbolized perfection. Over the centuries cyclic images in western medicine, natural philosophy, natural history and eventually biology gained independence from cosmology and theology and came to depend less on strictly circular forms. As potent ‘canonical icons’, cycles also interacted with representations of linear and irreversible change, including arrows, arcs, scales, series and trees, as in theories of the Earth and of evolution. In modern times life cycles and reproductive cycles have often been held to characterize life, in some cases especially female life, while human efforts selectively to foster and disrupt these cycles have harnessed their productivity in medicine and agriculture. But strong cyclic metaphors have continued to link physiology and climatology, medicine and economics, and biology and manufacturing, notably through the relations between land, food and population. From the grand nineteenth-century transformations of matter to systems ecology, the circulation of molecules through organic and inorganic compartments has posed the problem of maintaining identity in the face of flux and highlights the seductive ability of cyclic schemes to imply closure where no original state was in fact restored. More concerted attention to cycles and circulation will enrich analyses of the power of metaphors to naturalize understandings of life and their shaping by practical interests and political imaginations.
Keywords
Original Paper, Canonical icons, Circles, Diagrams, Life cycles, Metaphors, Recycling
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (204883)
Identifiers
s40656-021-00425-3, 425
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-021-00425-3
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/329672
Rights
Licence:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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