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Investigating the presentation of uncertainty in an icon array: A randomized trial.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Type

Article

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Authors

Recchia, Gabriel 
Lawrence, Alice CE 
Freeman, Alexandra LJ 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Clinicians are often advised to use pictographs to communicate risk, but whether they offer benefits when communicating risk imprecision (e.g., 65%-79%) is unknown. PURPOSE: To test whether any of three approaches to visualizing imprecision would more effectively communicate breast and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. METHODS: 1,300 UK residents were presented with a genetic report with information about BRCA1-related risks, with random assignment to one of four formats: no visualization (text alone), or a pictograph using shaded icons, a gradient, or arrows marking range endpoints. We also tested pictographs in two layouts. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression was employed. RESULTS: There was no effect of format. Participants shown pictographs vs. text alone had better uptake of breast cancer risk messages (p < .05, η 2 = 0.003). Pictographs facilitated memory for the specific amount of risk (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.019), as did the tabular layout. Individuals not having completed upper secondary education may benefit most. CONCLUSIONS: We found weak evidence in favor of using simple pictographs with ranges to communicate BRCA risk (versus text alone), and of the tabular layout. INNOVATION: Testing different ways of communicating imprecision within pictographs is a novel and promising line of research.

Description

Keywords

Communication, Genetic risk communication, Icon arrays, Pictograms, Pictographs, Risk communication, Uncertainty

Journal Title

PEC Innov

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2772-6282
2772-6282

Volume Title

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
David And Claudia Harding Foundation (unknown)
Cancer Research UK (A25117)
Sponsored by University of Cambridge. Funded by Cancer Research UK (grant number RG86786) and the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication, which is supported by a donation from the David & Claudia Harding Foundation.