A Mediterranean Diet Is Positively Associated with Bone and Muscle Health in a Non-Mediterranean Region in 25,450 Men and Women from EPIC-Norfolk.
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Publication Date
2020-04-21Journal Title
Nutrients
ISSN
2072-6643
Publisher
MDPI AG
Volume
12
Issue
4
Language
eng
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Physical Medium
Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Jennings, A., Mulligan, A. A., Khaw, K., Luben, R. N., & Welch, A. A. (2020). A Mediterranean Diet Is Positively Associated with Bone and Muscle Health in a Non-Mediterranean Region in 25,450 Men and Women from EPIC-Norfolk.. Nutrients, 12 (4) https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041154
Abstract
Research on Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and musculoskeletal health is limited. The current study determined if adherence to the alternative MD score (aMED) and MD score (MDS), quantified from 7-d food diaries, was associated with fracture incidence, bone density (calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA)) and fat free mass (expressed over BMI (FFMBMI) using bioelectrical impedance) in 25,450 men and women recruited to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer study in Norfolk, UK. During 17.4 years of follow up (443,178 total person years) 2195 incident fractures occurred. Higher aMED adherence was associated with 23% reduced total (Q5-Q1 HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.67, 0.88; p-trend < 0.01) and 21% reduced hip (Q5-Q1 HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.65, 0.96; p-trend = 0.01) fracture incidence, and significantly higher BUA (Q5-Q1 1.0 dB/MHz 95% CI 0.2, 1.9; p-trend < 0.01) and FFMBMI (Q5-Q1 0.05 kg/(kg/m2) 95% CI 0.04, 0.06; p-trend < 0.01), comparing extreme adherence quintiles. Higher MDS was also associated with reduced total fractures (Q5-Q1 HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.71, 0.96; p-trend = 0.03) and significantly higher BUA (Q5-Q1 1.4 dB/MHz 95% CI 0.5, 2.3; p-trend < 0.01) and FFMBMI (Q5-Q1 0.03 kg/(kg/m2) 95% CI 0.01, 0.04; p-trend < 0.01). This evidence supports the need to develop interventions to enhance MD adherence, particularly in women, where evidence for associations was stronger.
Keywords
Mediterranean diet, fracture, muscle, Body Fat Distribution, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, Bone and Bones, Diet, Mediterranean, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fractures, Bone, Humans, Male, Muscles, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Treatment Adherence and Compliance, United Kingdom
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (G1000143)
Medical Research Council (G0500300)
Medical Research Council (G0401527)
Medical Research Council (MR/N003284/1)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041154
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/331184
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