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Overcoming Nanoscale Inhomogeneities in Thin-Film Perovskites via Exceptional Post-annealing Grain Growth for Enhanced Photodetection.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Du, Tian 
Frohna, Kyle 
Mohan, Lokeshwari 

Abstract

Antisolvent-assisted spin coating has been widely used for fabricating metal halide perovskite films with smooth and compact morphology. However, localized nanoscale inhomogeneities exist in these films owing to rapid crystallization, undermining their overall optoelectronic performance. Here, we show that by relaxing the requirement for film smoothness, outstanding film quality can be obtained simply through a post-annealing grain growth process without passivation agents. The morphological changes, driven by a vaporized methylammonium chloride (MACl)-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution, lead to comprehensive defect elimination. Our nanoscale characterization visualizes the local defective clusters in the as-deposited film and their elimination following treatment, which couples with the observation of emissive grain boundaries and excellent inter- and intragrain optoelectronic uniformity in the polycrystalline film. Overcoming these performance-limiting inhomogeneities results in the enhancement of the photoresponse to low-light (<0.1 mW cm-2) illumination by up to 40-fold, yielding high-performance photodiodes with superior low-light detection.

Description

Keywords

Thin-film perovskites, grain growth, nanoscale inhomogeneities, photodetection, photoresponse

Journal Title

Nano Lett

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1530-6984
1530-6992

Volume Title

Publisher

American Chemical Society (ACS)
Sponsorship
Royal Society (UF150033)
European Research Council (756962)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/R023980/1)
EPSRC (2127077)
The authors thank the EPSRC Plastic Electronics CDT (EP/ L016702/1) for financial support and provision of equipment resources. J.B. and T.D. acknowledge the QMUL-EPSRC Impact Accelerator Account for financial support. T.D. gratefully acknowledges the Stephen and Anna Hui Scholar- ship (Imperial College London) for financially supporting his doctoral studies. F.R., F.A.C., and S.W. acknowledge funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and Innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 721874 (SPM2.0) and from the UK National Measurement System via the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. K.F. acknowledges a George and Lilian Schiff Studentship, Winton Studentship, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) studentship, Cambridge Trust Scholarship, and Robert Gardiner Scholarship. S.D.S. acknowledges the Royal Society and Tata Group (UF150033). The work has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and Innovation programme (HYPERION, grant agreement no. 756962). S.D.S. acknowledges EPSRC (EP/R023980/1) for funding.