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Diminished seroconversion following a single SARS-COV-2 vaccine in ocrelizumab-treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

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Authors

Georgieva, Zoya G 
Dӧffinger, Rainer 
Kumararatne, Dinakantha 
Coles, Alasdair J 
McCarthy, Claire 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite impressive efficacy in immunocompetent individuals, the immunogenicity of a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine in B-cell-deplete patients remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to quantify real-world vaccine immunogenicity in ocrelizumab recipients. METHODS: We measured post-vaccination SARS-COV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in ocrelizumab recipients using a highly sensitive Luminex assay. RESULTS: 44.1% of patients had detectable SARS-COV-2-IgG 21+ days after one vaccine dose, regardless of vaccine type (AZD1222 vs BNT162b2, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.157-2.32, p = 0.72). B-cell count strongly predicted seroconversion (β1 = 12.38, 95% CI = 4.59-20.16, p = 0.0029), but undetectable B-cells did not preclude it. The second vaccine seroconverted 53% of the patients who had not already responded to dose 1. CONCLUSION: Humoral response after one COVID-19 vaccine dose is lower than expected in CD20-deplete patients.

Description

Keywords

COVID-19, Ocrelizumab, SARS-COV-2, antibodies, vaccination, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Antibodies, Viral, BNT162 Vaccine, COVID-19, COVID-19 Vaccines, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Multiple Sclerosis, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting, SARS-CoV-2, Seroconversion

Journal Title

Mult Scler

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

1352-4585
1477-0970

Volume Title

28

Publisher

SAGE Publications
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (204017/Z/16/Z)