Detecting sleep outside the clinic using wearable heart rate devices.
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Authors
Perez-Pozuelo, Ignacio
Posa, Marius
Spathis, Dimitris
Mascolo, Cecilia
Brage, Søren
Palotti, Joao
Publication Date
2022-05-13Journal Title
Scientific Reports
ISSN
2045-2322
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
7956
Type
Article
This Version
VoR
Physical Medium
Electronic
Metadata
Show full item recordCitation
Perez-Pozuelo, I., Posa, M., Spathis, D., Westgate, K., Wareham, N., Mascolo, C., Brage, S., & et al. (2022). Detecting sleep outside the clinic using wearable heart rate devices.. Scientific Reports, 12 (1), 7956. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11792-7
Abstract
The adoption of multisensor wearables presents the opportunity of longitudinal monitoring of sleep in large populations. Personalized yet device-agnostic algorithms can sidestep laborious human annotations and objectify cross-cohort comparisons. We developed and tested a heart rate-based algorithm that captures inter- and intra-individual sleep differences in free-living conditions and does not require human input. We evaluated it on four study cohorts using different research- and consumer-grade devices for over 2000 nights. Recording periods included both 24 h free-living and conventional lab-based night-only data. We compared our optimized method against polysomnography, sleep diaries and sleep periods produced through a state-of-the-art acceleration based method. Against sleep diaries, the algorithm yielded a mean squared error of 0.04-0.06 and a total sleep time (TST) deviation of [Formula: see text]2.70 (± 5.74) and 12.80 (± 3.89) minutes, respectively. When evaluated with PSG lab studies, the MSE ranged between 0.06 and 0.11 yielding a time deviation between [Formula: see text]29.07 and [Formula: see text]55.04 minutes. These results showcase the value of this open-source, device-agnostic algorithm for the reliable inference of sleep in free-living conditions and in the absence of annotations.
Keywords
Heart Rate, Humans, Polysomnography, Reproducibility of Results, Sleep, Wearable Electronic Devices
Sponsorship
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/N509620/1)
National Institute for Health Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
MRC (MC_UU_00006/1)
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH) (146281)
MRC (MC_UU_00006/4)
Identifiers
External DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11792-7
This record's URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/337672
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