This study of Anglicanism, the Mau Mau conflict, and decolonisation in Kenya advances the limited literature on Christianity during the late imperial period in East Africa. Using new Christian and government sources, I detail how Anglicans navigated the complex and violent Mau Mau insurgency. I argue that despite the Anglican Church’s close relationship with the colonial state, Mau Mau had a significant impact on the Church’s outlook. In particular, the conflict was instrumental in removing Anglicanism’s colour bar. As African priests gained power and influence, they encouraged Anglicans to support Kenyan independence. I find that the Anglican Church played a greater role during Mau Mau and decolonisation than has been appreciated in previous scholarship.