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The Changing Life of Herders in Tsaagan Us


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Authors

Bulag, Uradyn E. 
Fuerwa, Dorjraa 

Abstract

Jotuu, aged 88 years old, was born in Tsagaan Us in the Tabilhat pasture in Khar Us. She has six daughters and two sons. Tsagaan Us was known for its population of impoverished people who had gathered from all over Khar Us. When I was young, there was no concept of owning individual pasturelands. Herders often grazed their livestock together on fertile pastures, rather than possessing separate tracts. One reason for this communal approach was that herders were impoverished, and each household typically owned only a few cows for milk and a few steers for transporting goods during migration. Although I never met any wealthy herders in Tsagaan Us during my youth, I heard there were some affluent individuals in Modot and Sanjai. I managed to herd goats for several years when the communal movement began in the region. Subsequently, I was transferred to agricultural land, where I mostly engaged in physical cultivation until I moved back to pastureland four years later. With the privatisation policy, we were allocated 84 sheep, 30 goats, a mare, and a calf at a lower price. Now, Jotuu has settled in Tabilhat village, a government-led settlement compound, while her children have migrated to another village with subsidies from the local government. According to Jotuu's experience, this is a new trend for herders. Given that climate change has visibly led to severe degradation of pasturelands, herders have no choice but to settle and pursue other profitable ventures.

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Keywords

Mobile Pasture, Herders, Settlement, Climate Change

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Publisher

Kalmyk Cultural Heritage Documentation Project, University of Cambridge

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Sponsorship
Sponsored by Arcadia Fund, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin.