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Skeletal muscle-specific eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α phosphorylation controls amino acid metabolism and fibroblast growth factor 21-mediated non-cell-autonomous energy metabolism.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Repository DOI


Type

Article

Change log

Authors

Miyake, Masato 
Nomura, Akitoshi 
Ogura, Atsushi 
Takehana, Kenji 
Kitahara, Yoshihiro 

Abstract

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) phosphorylation-dependent integrated stress response (ISR), a component of the unfolded protein response, has long been known to regulate intermediary metabolism, but the details are poorly worked out. We report that profiling of mRNAs of transgenic mice harboring a ligand-activated skeletal muscle-specific derivative of the eIF2α protein kinase R-like ER kinase revealed the expected up-regulation of genes involved in amino acid biosynthesis and transport but also uncovered the induced expression and secretion of a myokine, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), that stimulates energy consumption and prevents obesity. The link between the ISR and FGF21 expression was further reinforced by the identification of a small-molecule ISR activator that promoted Fgf21 expression in cell-based screens and by implication of the ISR-inducible activating transcription factor 4 in the process. Our findings establish that eIF2α phosphorylation regulates not only cell-autonomous proteostasis and amino acid metabolism, but also affects non-cell-autonomous metabolic regulation by induced expression of a potent myokine.

Description

Keywords

ATF4, ER stress, glutathione, obesity, small molecule, Amino Acids, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, Muscle, Skeletal, Phosphorylation, Unfolded Protein Response

Journal Title

The FASEB Journal

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0892-6638
1530-6860

Volume Title

30

Publisher

Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (084812/Z/08/Z)
European Commission (277713)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Culture (MEXT) of Japan Inoue Foundation for Science Mitsubishi Foundation Uehara Memorial Foundation Naito Foundation Cell Science Research Foundation Takeda Science Foundation Sankyo Foundation Ono Medical Research Foundation Mochida Memorial Foundation Ube Foundation Kowa Life Science Foundation Suzuken Memorial Foundation Kanae Foundation Japan Diabetes Foundation Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) EU FP7. Grant Number: 277713 Wellcome Trust. Grant Number: 084812/Z/08/Z