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Constraining the nature of the PDS 70 protoplanets with VLTI/GRAVITY

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cam.issuedOnline2021-02-25
dc.contributor.authorWang, JJ
dc.contributor.authorVigan, A
dc.contributor.authorLacour, S
dc.contributor.authorNowak, M
dc.contributor.authorStolker, T
dc.contributor.authorDe Rosa, RJ
dc.contributor.authorGinzburg, S
dc.contributor.authorGao, P
dc.contributor.authorAbuter, R
dc.contributor.authorAmorim, A
dc.contributor.authorAsensio-Torres, R
dc.contributor.authorBauböck, M
dc.contributor.authorBenisty, M
dc.contributor.authorBerger, JP
dc.contributor.authorBeust, H
dc.contributor.authorBeuzit, JL
dc.contributor.authorBlunt, S
dc.contributor.authorBoccaletti, A
dc.contributor.authorBohn, A
dc.contributor.authorBonnefoy, M
dc.contributor.authorBonnet, H
dc.contributor.authorBrandner, W
dc.contributor.authorCantalloube, F
dc.contributor.authorCaselli, P
dc.contributor.authorCharnay, B
dc.contributor.authorChauvin, G
dc.contributor.authorChoquet, E
dc.contributor.authorChristiaens, V
dc.contributor.authorClénet, Y
dc.contributor.authorCoudé Du Foresto, V
dc.contributor.authorCridland, A
dc.contributor.authorDe Zeeuw, PT
dc.contributor.authorDembet, R
dc.contributor.authorDexter, J
dc.contributor.authorDrescher, A
dc.contributor.authorDuvert, G
dc.contributor.authorEckart, A
dc.contributor.authorEisenhauer, F
dc.contributor.authorFacchini, S
dc.contributor.authorGao, F
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, P
dc.contributor.authorGarcia Lopez, R
dc.contributor.authorGardner, T
dc.contributor.authorGendron, E
dc.contributor.authorGenzel, R
dc.contributor.authorGillessen, S
dc.contributor.authorGirard, J
dc.contributor.authorHaubois, X
dc.contributor.authorHeißel, G
dc.contributor.authorHenning, T
dc.contributor.authorHinkley, S
dc.contributor.authorHippler, S
dc.contributor.authorHorrobin, M
dc.contributor.authorHoullé, M
dc.contributor.authorHubert, Z
dc.contributor.authorJiménez-Rosales, A
dc.contributor.authorJocou, L
dc.contributor.authorKammerer, J
dc.contributor.authorKeppler, M
dc.contributor.authorKervella, P
dc.contributor.authorMeyer, M
dc.contributor.authorKreidberg, L
dc.contributor.authorLagrange, AM
dc.contributor.authorLapeyrère, V
dc.contributor.authorLe Bouquin, JB
dc.contributor.authorLéna, P
dc.contributor.authorLutz, D
dc.contributor.authorMaire, AL
dc.contributor.authorMénard, F
dc.contributor.authorMérand, A
dc.contributor.authorMollière, P
dc.contributor.authorMonnier, JD
dc.contributor.authorMouillet, D
dc.contributor.authorMüller, A
dc.contributor.authorNasedkin, E
dc.contributor.authorOtt, T
dc.contributor.authorOtten, GPPL
dc.contributor.authorPaladini, C
dc.contributor.authorPaumard, T
dc.contributor.authorPerraut, K
dc.contributor.authorPerrin, G
dc.contributor.authorPfuhl, O
dc.contributor.authorPueyo, L
dc.contributor.authorRameau, J
dc.contributor.authorRodet, L
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez-Coira, G
dc.contributor.authorRousset, G
dc.contributor.authorScheithauer, S
dc.contributor.authorShangguan, J
dc.contributor.authorShimizu, T
dc.contributor.authorStadler, J
dc.contributor.authorStraub, O
dc.contributor.authorStraubmeier, C
dc.contributor.authorSturm, E
dc.contributor.authorTacconi, LJ
dc.contributor.authorVan Dishoeck, EF
dc.contributor.authorVincent, F
dc.contributor.authorVon Fellenberg, SD
dc.contributor.authorWard-Duong, K
dc.contributor.authorWidmann, F
dc.contributor.orcidWang, JJ [0000-0003-0774-6502]
dc.contributor.orcidVigan, A [0000-0002-5902-7828]
dc.contributor.orcidLacour, S [0000-0002-6948-0263]
dc.contributor.orcidStolker, T [0000-0002-5823-3072]
dc.contributor.orcidDe Rosa, RJ [0000-0002-4918-0247]
dc.contributor.orcidGao, P [0000-0002-8518-9601]
dc.contributor.orcidAsensio-Torres, R [0000-0003-2990-0726]
dc.contributor.orcidBenisty, M [0000-0002-7695-7605]
dc.contributor.orcidBeuzit, JL [0000-0002-7391-479X]
dc.contributor.orcidBlunt, S [0000-0002-3199-2888]
dc.contributor.orcidBohn, A [0000-0003-1401-9952]
dc.contributor.orcidBonnefoy, M [0000-0001-5579-5339]
dc.contributor.orcidBrandner, W [0000-0003-1939-6351]
dc.contributor.orcidCaselli, P [0000-0003-1481-7911]
dc.contributor.orcidCharnay, B [0000-0003-0977-6545]
dc.contributor.orcidChoquet, E [0000-0002-9173-0740]
dc.contributor.orcidChristiaens, V [0000-0002-0101-8814]
dc.contributor.orcidClénet, Y [0000-0002-8382-2020]
dc.contributor.orcidDe Zeeuw, PT [0000-0003-4175-3474]
dc.contributor.orcidDexter, J [0000-0003-3903-0373]
dc.contributor.orcidEckart, A [0000-0001-6049-3132]
dc.contributor.orcidFacchini, S [0000-0003-4689-2684]
dc.contributor.orcidGao, F [0000-0002-2581-9114]
dc.contributor.orcidGarcia Lopez, R [0000-0002-2144-0991]
dc.contributor.orcidGardner, T [0000-0002-3003-3183]
dc.contributor.orcidGenzel, R [0000-0002-2767-9653]
dc.contributor.orcidGillessen, S [0000-0002-5708-0481]
dc.contributor.orcidGirard, J [0000-0001-8627-0404]
dc.contributor.orcidHenning, T [0000-0002-1493-300X]
dc.contributor.orcidHinkley, S [0000-0001-8074-2562]
dc.contributor.orcidHippler, S [0000-0002-3912-6108]
dc.contributor.orcidHorrobin, M [0000-0001-5451-7847]
dc.contributor.orcidKervella, P [0000-0003-0626-1749]
dc.contributor.orcidMeyer, M [0000-0003-1227-3084]
dc.contributor.orcidKreidberg, L [0000-0003-0514-1147]
dc.contributor.orcidLe Bouquin, JB [0000-0002-0493-4674]
dc.contributor.orcidLutz, D [0000-0003-0291-9582]
dc.contributor.orcidMaire, AL [0000-0002-2591-4138]
dc.contributor.orcidMérand, A [0000-0002-1637-7393]
dc.contributor.orcidMonnier, JD [0000-0002-3380-3307]
dc.contributor.orcidOtt, T [0000-0003-1572-0396]
dc.contributor.orcidPaumard, T [0000-0003-0655-0452]
dc.contributor.orcidPerrin, G [0000-0003-0680-0167]
dc.contributor.orcidRameau, J [0000-0003-0029-0258]
dc.contributor.orcidRodríguez-Coira, G [0000-0002-4177-6433]
dc.contributor.orcidShangguan, J [0000-0002-4569-9009]
dc.contributor.orcidShimizu, T [0000-0002-2125-4670]
dc.contributor.orcidStraub, O [0000-0001-5755-0677]
dc.contributor.orcidStraubmeier, C [0000-0002-0671-9302]
dc.contributor.orcidSturm, E [0000-0002-0018-3666]
dc.contributor.orcidTacconi, LJ [0000-0002-1485-9401]
dc.contributor.orcidVan Dishoeck, EF [0000-0001-7591-1907]
dc.contributor.orcidVincent, F [0000-0002-3855-0708]
dc.contributor.orcidVon Fellenberg, SD [0000-0002-9156-2249]
dc.contributor.orcidWard-Duong, K [0000-0002-4479-8291]
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-28T16:51:15Z
dc.date.available2022-01-28T16:51:15Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.date.submitted2020-10-19
dc.date.updated2022-01-28T16:51:15Z
dc.description.abstractWe present K-band interferometric observations of the PDS 70 protoplanets along with their host star using VLTI/GRAVITY. We obtained K-band spectra and 100 $\mu$as precision astrometry of both PDS 70 b and c in two epochs, as well as spatially resolving the hot inner disk around the star. Rejecting unstable orbits, we found a nonzero eccentricity for PDS 70 b of $0.17 \pm 0.06$, a near-circular orbit for PDS 70 c, and an orbital configuration that is consistent with the planets migrating into a 2:1 mean motion resonance. Enforcing dynamical stability, we obtained a 95% upper limit on the mass of PDS 70 b of 10 $M_\textrm{Jup}$, while the mass of PDS 70 c was unconstrained. The GRAVITY K-band spectra rules out pure blackbody models for the photospheres of both planets. Instead, the models with the most support from the data are planetary atmospheres that are dusty, but the nature of the dust is unclear. Any circumplanetary dust around these planets is not well constrained by the planets' 1-5 $\mu$m spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and requires longer wavelength data to probe with SED analysis. However with VLTI/GRAVITY, we made the first observations of a circumplanetary environment with sub-au spatial resolution, placing an upper limit of 0.3~au on the size of a bright disk around PDS 70 b.
dc.identifier.doi10.17863/CAM.80798
dc.identifier.eissn1538-3881
dc.identifier.issn0004-6256
dc.identifier.otherajabdb2d
dc.identifier.otherabdb2d
dc.identifier.otheraas28065
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/333375
dc.languageen
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherAmerican Astronomical Society
dc.publisher.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abdb2d
dc.subjectExoplanet formation
dc.subjectExoplanet atmospheres
dc.subjectOrbit determination
dc.subjectLong baseline interferometry
dc.titleConstraining the nature of the PDS 70 protoplanets with VLTI/GRAVITY
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-01-11
prism.issueIdentifier3
prism.publicationNameAstronomical Journal
prism.volume161
pubs.funder-project-idEC ∣ H2020 ∣ H2020 Priority Excellent Science ∣ H2020 European Research Council (ERC) (83 24 28)
pubs.funder-project-idEC ∣ H2020 ∣ H2020 Priority Excellent Science ∣ H2020 European Research Council (ERC) (757561)
rioxxterms.licenseref.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rioxxterms.versionVoR
rioxxterms.versionofrecord10.3847/1538-3881/abdb2d

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