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Associations of circulating very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Accepted version
Peer-reviewed

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Article

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Authors

Fretts, Amanda M 
Marklund, Matti 
Micha, Renata 
Wu, Jason HY 

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of different chain lengths have unique metabolic and biological effects, and a small number of recent studies suggest that higher circulating concentrations of the very-long-chain SFAs (VLSFAs) arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0) are associated with a lower risk of diabetes. Confirmation of these findings in a large and diverse population is needed. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the associations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident type 2 diabetes in prospective studies. METHODS: Twelve studies that are part of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium participated in the analysis. Using Cox or logistic regression within studies and an inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis across studies, we examined the associations of VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident diabetes among 51,431 participants. RESULTS: There were 14,276 cases of incident diabetes across participating studies. Higher circulating concentrations of 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 were each associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes. Pooling across cohorts, the RR (95% CI) for incident diabetes comparing the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile was 0.78 (0.70, 0.87) for 20:0, 0.84 (0.77, 0.91) for 22:0, and 0.75 (0.69, 0.83) for 24:0 after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, adiposity, and other health factors. Results were fully attenuated in exploratory models that adjusted for circulating 16:0 and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this pooled analysis indicate that higher concentrations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 are each associated with a lower risk of diabetes.

Description

Keywords

Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology, Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium, diabetes, meta-analysis, saturated fatty acids, very-long-chain saturated fatty acids, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Eicosanoic Acids, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies

Journal Title

Am J Clin Nutr

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0002-9165
1938-3207

Volume Title

109

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/5)
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH) (146281)
Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12015/1)
Department of Health (via National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)) (NF-SI-0617-10149)
Department of Health (via National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)) (NF-SI-0512-10135)
European Commission (37197)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/M027252/2)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/P028195/1)
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/M027252/1)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (IS-BRC-1215-20014)
NJW, NGF, and FI were funded by MRC Epidemiology Unit (MC_UU_12015/1, MC_UU_12015/5); NGF, AK, NJW, funded by National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Cambridge (IS-BRC-1215-20014); and AK, funded by MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory MC_UD99999906 and Cambridge Lipidomics Biomarker Research Initiative G0800783.