ARDS is a life-threatening form of respiratory failure accounting for at least 10% of global ICU admissions (1-5). The Berlin definition for diagnosing ARDS, is expensive for most resource-constrained settings to apply(6-8). There are therefore very limited data reporting on the burden of ARDS in Low-income countries (LICs). We sought to determine the prevalence of ARDS among mechanically ventilated Ugandan intensive care unit (ICU) patients using the Kigali modification.