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Evaluation of a New 'Mix-In' Style Glycomacropeptide-Based Protein Substitute for Food and Drinks in Patients with Phenylketonuria and Tyrosinemia.

Published version

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Repository DOI


Change log

Authors

Delsoglio, Marta 
Capener, Rebecca 
MacDonald, Anita 
Ashmore, Catherine 

Abstract

(1) Background: Poor palatability, large volume, and lack of variety of some liquid and powdered protein substitutes (PSs) for patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and tyrosinemia (TYR) can result in poor adherence. This study aimed to evaluate a new unflavoured, powdered GMP-based PS designed to be mixed into drinks, foods, or with other PSs, in patients with PKU and TYR. (2) Methods: Paediatric and adult community-based patients were recruited from eight metabolic centres and prescribed ≥1 sachet/day (10 g protein equivalent (PE)) of the Mix-In-style PS over 28 days. Adherence, palatability, GI tolerance, and metabolic control were recorded at baseline and follow-up. Patients who completed at least 7 days of intervention were included in the final analysis. (3) Results: Eighteen patients (3-45 years, nine males) with PKU (n = 12) and TYR (n = 6) used the Mix-In-style PS for ≥7 days (mean 26.4 days (SD 4.6), range 11-28 days) alongside their previous PS, with a mean intake of 16.7 g (SD 7.7) PE/day. Adherence was 86% (SD 25), and GI tolerance was stable, with n = 14 experiencing no/no new symptoms and n = 3 showing improved symptoms compared to baseline. Overall palatability was rated satisfactory by 78% of patients, who successfully used the Mix-In-style PS in various foods and drinks, including smoothies, squash, and milk alternatives, as a top-up to meet their protein needs. There was no concern regarding safety/metabolic control during the intervention. (4) Conclusions: The 'Mix-In'-style PS was well adhered to, accepted, and tolerated. Collectively, these data show that providing a flexible, convenient, and novel format of PS can help with adherence and meet patients' protein needs.

Description

Peer reviewed: True


Funder: Nutricia Ltd.

Keywords

PKU, TYR, glycomacropeptide, phenylketonuria, protein substitute, tyrosinemia, Glycoproteins, Glycopeptides, Phenylketonurias, Humans, Male, Female, Child, Preschool, Child, Adolescent, Young Adult, Adult, Middle Aged, Tyrosinemias, Treatment Outcome, Gastrointestinal Tract, Food, Beverages

Journal Title

Nutrients

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

2072-6643
2072-6643

Volume Title

15

Publisher

MDPI AG