Repository logo
 

Cycling injury risk in London: A case-control study exploring the impact of cycle volumes, motor vehicle volumes, and road characteristics including speed limits.

Published version
Peer-reviewed

Change log

Authors

Aldred, Rachel 
Goodman, Anna 
Gulliver, John 

Abstract

Cycling injury risk is an important topic, but few studies explore cycling risk in relation to exposure. This is largely because of a lack of exposure data, in other words how much cycling is done at different locations. This paper helps to fill this gap. It reports a case-control study of cycling injuries in London in 2013-2014, using modelled cyclist flow data alongside datasets covering some characteristics of the London route network. A multilevel binary logistic regression model is used to investigate factors associated with injury risk, comparing injury sites with control sites selected using the modelled flow data. Findings provide support for 'safety in numbers': for each increase of a natural logarithmic unit (2.71828) in cycling flows, an 18% decrease in injury odds was found. Conversely, increased motor traffic volume is associated with higher odds of cycling injury, with one logarithmic unit increase associated with a 31% increase in injury odds. Twenty-mile per hour compared with 30mph speed limits were associated with 21% lower injury odds. Residential streets were associated with reduced injury odds, and junctions with substantially higher injury odds. Bus lanes do not affect injury odds once other factors are controlled for. These data suggest that speed limits of 20 mph may reduce cycling injury risk, as may motor traffic reduction. Further, building cycle routes that generate new cycle trips should generate 'safety in numbers' benefits.

Description

Keywords

Cycling, Injury, Risk, Safety in numbers, motor traffic, Accidents, Traffic, Automobile Driving, Bicycling, Case-Control Studies, Environment Design, Humans, Logistic Models, London, Motor Vehicles, Risk Factors, Safety

Journal Title

Accid Anal Prev

Conference Name

Journal ISSN

0001-4575
1879-2057

Volume Title

117

Publisher

Elsevier BV
Sponsorship
Wellcome Trust (087636/Z/08/Z)
Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007462/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/K023187/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/P02663X/1)